Sunday, December 26, 2021
My (Very Limited) Songwriting Career and Some Spotify Lists
Thursday, December 31, 2020
Six Plus Nineteen: Songs for Juneteenth
I have badly neglected this blog for a couple of years now, but since I managed to make one post last year, I didn't want to let this year go by without at least one new entry. Obviously the list below was compiled over 6 months ago, but at the time I didn't think to post it here, though I did post it elsewhere. It matters little, since the songs themselves are timeless - and more regrettably, the problems they address haven't been adequately dealt with. Let's hope we see more progress in 2021, which at least seems possible now that the US will have a decent president.
Six Plus Nineteen: Songs for Juneteenth
Juneteenth, celebrated every June 19th, is a holiday commemorating the day when African American slaves in Texas were first informed that they had been freed by Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. It's an official holiday in Texas and an unofficial one across the United States, but it has gained special resonance this year in the wake of the Black Lives Matter protests against police violence that have taken place over the past few weeks, not only in the US but around the world. As a result, there are rallies, protests and activities happening all around the US and beyond this weekend under the heading six nineteen (i.e., the sixth month's nineteenth day). As my own small contribution, I've made a list of songs from the past century or so addressing racial issues in the US and celebrating black pride. There are of course many other worthy songs, and probably I'll be kicking myself over having left out an important one soon after I post this, but I think I've at least covered many of the best ones here. Black Lives Matter!
We Shall Overcome (Traditional), performed by Pete Seeger (1964) - A song with a very complex history stretching back well over a century, it became an anthem of the civil rights movement in the US. There are countless versions of the song, but here I'm including the one by Pete Seeger, who helped popularize the song and was probably responsible for changing the original "We Will Overcome" to "We Shall Overcome".
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kfo_W73n0hE
Strange Fruit (A. Meeropol), performed by Billie Holiday (1939) - Jewish-American writer Abel Meeropol first wrote the harrowing lyrics to Strange Fruit, a song about the lynching of black people in the US South, as a poem, which he published under his pen name Lewis Allen, and he later set it to music with the help of his wife and a black singer named Laura Duncan. They performed it around New York, and it came to the attention of Billie Holiday, who recorded it in 1939. Her version went on to sell more than a million copies, despite the grim subject matter.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0mO92ll_q0k
Black, Brown and White (B. Broonzy), performed by Big Bill Broonzy (1950s) - This song by blues singer Big Bill Broonzy addresses racial discrimination in the US, but instead of merely focusing on the different treatment received by black and white people, Broonzy points out that being "brown", i.e. an African American with lighter skin tones, while not as good as being white, was considered more acceptable than being black, i.e., dark skinned. The song covers discrimination in employment, entertainment, wages and voting.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0c1c0ZsTLA
Blowin' in the Wind (B. Dylan), performed by Bob Dylan (1962) - Dylan's famous folk song, while it addresses war as well as race relations, became an anthem of the civil rights movement, and inspired black musicians like Sam Cooke to create their own civil rights anthems. Also worth mentioning is Dylan's "Oxford Town", inspired by anti-black rioting in Oxford, Mississippi.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWwgrjjIMXA
Mississippi Goddam (N. Simone), performed by Nina Simone (1964) - This song by African American singer Nina Simone was her response to violence against black people in the South. While stations in the South refused to play it, it became another civil rights anthem, and Simone sang it at the 1965 civil rights marches in the South.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4tHYGfRot5w
A Change Is Gonna Come (S. Cooke), performed by Sam Cooke (1964) - I posted something about this classic song by Sam Cooke a couple of weeks ago. Inspired in part by "Blowin' in the Wind" and by racism Cooke experienced personally, it is widely considered the best song in his already impressive catalogue.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wEBlaMOmKV4
People Get Ready (C. Mayfield), performed by The Impressions (1965) - This gospel-influenced song written by Curtis Mayfield, lead singer of The Impressions, is another highly regarded classic inspired by the African American fight against oppression. It has been widely covered by artists including Aretha Franklin and Bob Marley.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UG-KNy1MRTc
Respect (O. Redding), performed by Aretha Franklin (1967) - This song was originally written and recorded by soul singer Otis Redding, but Aretha Franklin drastically rearranged it, turning it to an anthem for both feminism and black rights. Also worth noting is Aretha's own composition "Think", probably my favorite song by her.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6FOUqQt3Kg0
Say It Loud - I'm Black and I'm Proud (J. Brown, A. Ellis), performed by James Brown (1968) - Just months after releasing the reactionary "America Is My Home", James Brown took a big step towards restoring his reputation with this call for black empowerment.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bJA6W9CqvE
Blackbird (P. McCartney), performed by The Beatles (1968) - Paul McCartney has said this classic song from the Beatles' White Album was inspired in part by the civil rights movement, with the "blackbird" being a metaphor for a black woman struggling for her rights. Many years later, McCartney addressed racial issues again with his hit duet with Stevie Wonder, "Ebony and Ivory".
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Man4Xw8Xypo
Everyday People (S. Stone), performed by Sly and the Family Stone (1968) - This song by Sylvester "Sly Stone" Stewart is a plea for racial equality and mutual understanding. It popularized the catchphrase "different strokes for different folks".
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUUhDoCx8zc
What's Going On (A. Cleveland, R. Benson, M. Gaye), performed by Marvin Gaye (1971) - This classic soul song addresses all the social problems going on the US at the time, including racial conflict and the war in Vietnam, and is still considered one of Gaye's best recordings. This video from 2019 opens and ends with clips of Gaye performing and intercuts the song with scenes from recent events and protests in America.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5TmORitlKk
Black and White (D. Arkin, E. Robinson), performed by Three Dog Night (1972) - This anti-racism song dates back to 1954 (Pete Seeger was the first to record it, in 1956), but the best known recording was Three Dog Night's hit version.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4f65mO146Zo
Living for the City (S. Wonder), performed by Stevie Wonder (1973) - This song by Stevie Wonder tells the story of a young black man from Mississippi who moves to New York City and paints a picture of the hardships faced by many African Americans, from hard, low-paying jobs to a racist criminal justice system.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu95a_RiH54
Rednecks (R. Newman), performed by Randy Newman (1974) - A listener who heard this song by Randy Newman without paying close attention might easily conclude that the song is racist, sung as it is by a white man who makes heavy use of the n-word and repeats lines about "keeping the n***ers down". But it is in fact a satire, one that mocks both ignorant racists in the South and hypocrites in the North, who call Southerners racist while forcing black people living in Northern cities into ghettos through policies such as redlining. Not comfortable listening for anyone, but razor sharp in its criticism.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTLHxpUQ_B8
Redemption Song (B. Marley), performed by Bob Marley (1980) - Bob Marley recorded this song solo, singing and playing acoustic guitar, and released it only half a year before he died of cancer. With its lines about emancipating yourself from mental slavery taken from a speech by Marcus Garvey, it had strong associations with black consciousness.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yv5xonFSC4c
The Way It Is (B. Hornsby), performed by Bruce Hornsby and the Range (1986) - This song by Bruce Hornsby was one of the most social conscious hits of the mid 1980s, condemning hardened racist and classist attitudes and featuring a great piano hook.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlRQjzltaMQ
Sign o' the Times (Prince), performed by Prince (1987) - Prince wasn't known for writing socially conscious lyrics, but he addressed a wide range of social ills in the title track to this album that many critics consider his best.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8EdxM72EZ94
Talkin' 'bout a Revolution (T. Chapman), perfomed by Tracy Chapman (1988) - Tracy Chapman's songs often addressed social issues, and one of her best songs in that vein was this one from her first album.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xv8FBjo1Y8I
Funny Vibe (V. Reid), performed by Living Colour (1988) - A couple of weeks ago I posted about Living Colour's "Which Way to America", one of black rock band Living Colour's many songs that focused on social problems faced by African Americans, and this song, which tells about the racial profiling that is a daily experience for black men, is another great example.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ag2KgtwATfI&t=1s (original version)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8D_uJFs76zU (new version with extra rap verses)
Fight the Power (C. Ridenhour, E. Sadler, H. Boxley, K. Boxley), performed by Public Enemy (1989) - This classic rap song by Public Enemy featured in Spike Lee's film Do the Right Thing and is still a favorite theme song for those fighting unjust authorities.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kj9SeMZE_Yw
Free Your Mind (D. Foster, T. McElroy), performed by En Vogue (1992) - This hit song performed by En Vogue attacks prejudice and calls for racial tolerance, with a musical backing that's a powerful fusion of rock and soul.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i7iQbBbMAFE
Where Is the Love? (will.i.am, api.de.ap, Taboo, J. Timberlake, P. Board, M, Frantantuno, G. Pajon), performed by The Black Eyed Peas (2003) - This Black Eyed Peas hit lists numerous social ills in the US and around the worlds and makes a plea for racial unity.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WpYeekQkAdc
Formation (B. Knowles, Rae Sremmurd, A. Hogan, M. Williams), performed by Beyonce (2016) - Beyonce's powerful video for this song helped cement its message of female black empowerment.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WDZJPJV__bQ
This Is America (D. Glover, L. Goransson, J. Williams), performed by Childish Gambino (2018) - One of the most lauded and discussed videos of the past few years is this one by Childish Gambino, the alter ego of singer/rapper/actor Donald Glover, which paints a grim picture of gun violence and conflict in America.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VYOjWnS4cMY
Thursday, July 25, 2019
Songs to Celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the First Moon Landing
"Fly Me to the Moon" (Bart Howard) as performed by Frank Sinatra (the link is to a live version)
"Everyone's Gone to the Moon" (Jonathan King) as performed by Jonathan King
These two songs are connected to the Apollo 11 mission in a different way from the ones described below. They weren't inspired by the Apollo missions, as they predate them (indeed one of them predates even Sputnik), and they aren't really about space or space exploration. The Sinatra song was in fact originally titled "In Other Words", which is the phrase repeated in the chorus; "Fly me to the Moon" is the opening line of the song, and only this and the subsequent lines about the stars, Jupiter and Mars have anything to do with space. But Sinatra's version (recorded in 1964; the song itself dates back to 1954) was taken to the Moon by the Apollo 11 astronauts, and Buzz Aldrin supposedly played it while he and Neil Armstrong were on the Moon, making it the first song to be actually played on the Moon (though there is some dispute about whether this happened, as Aldrin's comments have been inconsistent and, unlike most of the songs played on the way to and from the Moon, the song isn't on any of the audio recorded during the mission - though he could have played during a time when they were out of contact with Earth). As for "Everyone's Gone to the Moon", written and recorded by Jonathan King in 1965, the crew listened to it at some point on the way back to Earth. Aldrin seems to have been the one who brought it, as he was the one who brought contemporary popular music (Michael Collins let the others choose the music, and Neil Armstrong brought some more exotic recordings, such as Harry Revel and Les Baxter's Music Out of the Moon), but in his autobiography Michael Collins said that though he'd never heard it before it was his favorite of the songs the others brought, as he found it "restful". While my own impressions of Jonathan King as a person are not particularly good, despite his role in giving Genesis its start, this song is pretty decent, though as far as I know it's the only good thing he did.
"Space Oddity" (David Bowie) as performed by David Bowie
This is an obvious one, not only because it is clearly inspired in part by the Apollo missions as well as the film 2001: A Space Odyssey, but because it was released just a few days before Apollo 11 launched for the Moon. The BBC actually played it during their coverage of the Moon landing, even though, as Bowie himself later commented, the fact that the trip didn't end well for Major Tom made it a somewhat questionable choice. Many decades later, Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield had similar qualms about the lyrics when his son urged him to do a cover of the song on the International Space Station, so he asked his son to rewrite the lyrics to fit his own situation. Apparently Bowie approved. I was able to watch Hadfield perform his version of the song live at the Starmus festival last month; on keyboards was Rick Wakeman, who played Mellotron on the original recording (he also played piano on "Life on Mars?").
"Armstrong" (John Stewart) as performed by John Stewart
Many years ago, I read about this song in a book - I forget the title, but it was something like 100 Great Songs - but I didn't actually hear it until very recently. In late June, as mentioned above, I attended the Starmus festival, at which Buzz Aldrin, among other prominent astronauts, scientists and musicians, was a speaker. At the festival, they showed the new film Apollo 11, which was put together entirely from original footage from the Apollo era, without any new dialogue or narration, though in some scenes music was added (the director and producer were part of a panel discussion before the film showing along with Neil Armstrong's son Rick). In one scene, Aldrin was playing music on a portable cassette player as the astronauts are travelling toward the Moon. At first the song is heard directly from the original footage, with the expected loss of quality, but suddenly it becomes clear and loud, turning into part of the soundtrack for the subsequent scene.
After returning to Taiwan, I looked up the song, which was "Mother Country" by John Stewart. When I did so I discovered that he had also written and performed "Armstrong" (his most successful composition was "Daydream Believer", though he himself only recorded it several years after it was a huge hit for the Monkees). He started work on the song even before the landing had taken place, and released it as a single soon after, probably in August or early September (a new recording of the song with some tweaks to the arrangement was released in 1973 on Stewart's album Cannons in the Rain). The song was controversial at the time of its initial release and was even the target of record burnings because some thought it was criticizing the Moon landing. But while it does have a certain degree of ambivalence, it's actually positive about Armstrong's achievement. It says that while the world still had unspeakable poverty and suffering, war, and growing environmental problems, the moment when Armstrong walked upon the Moon brought people all over the Earth together, if only for a brief moment. Armstrong's Apollo 11 crewmate Michael Collins made a similar observation about how people he met as they toured the world after their return viewed the landing as an achievement by humankind, not just one nation. Stewart's song captures this well, while reminding us that a lot of problems remain. This is most clearly encapsulated in the penultimate verse: "The rivers are getting dirty/The wind is getting bad/War and hate are killing off/The only earth we have/But the world all stopped to watch it/On that July afternoon/To watch a man named Armstrong/Walk upon the moon". It does slip from realism into mythology in the final lines when it draws a parallel between Armstrong and Adam, but even this verse is only weak in comparison with the powerful ones that came before. In any case, the song is one of the best written about the Moon landing, made all the more appropriate by the fact that another songs by its writer/performer was listened to by the Apollo astronauts on the way to the Moon.
"Armstrong,Aldrin and Collins" (Z. Manners/S. Seely) as performed by The Byrds
This song is more the kind of thing that those who protested John Stewart's "Armstrong" wanted to hear, though both share the sentiment that the achievement made people all over "proud of the human race". But this song is thoroughly positive, at least in the portion that appears at the end of the Byrds' album Ballad of Easy Rider; their recording fades out after just over a minute. One of the writers, Zeke Manners, was also a country singer and sometime comedian (among other things, he wrote a song called "Take My Wife, Please" for Henny Youngman), but if he himself recorded the song, I couldn't find a copy. It certainly doesn't come close to Stewart's song, but it is at least nice that all three of the astronauts got a mention.
"Moonhead" (Gilmour/Waters/Mason/Wright) as performed by Pink Floyd
I only first heard of this recording a few days ago, in an article about it from The Atlantic. It was an improvised instrumental jam that the band played to accompany a BBC program on the eve of the Moon landing. The same program also featured the newly released "Space Oddity", by a still relatively unknown David Bowie. While this is one of Pink Floyd's most obscure recordings, it creates the appropriate atmosphere to accompany that historic moment.
"For Michael Collins, Jeffery and Me" (Ian Anderson) as performed by Jethro Tull
A track from Jethro Tull's 1970 album Benefit that it is sung in part from the perspective of Michael Collins, who remained in orbit around the Moon when Armstrong and Aldrin went to down to the surface. While the thoughts expressed are probably more reflective of Ian Anderson's outlook than that of Collins himself, it's an interesting song with that distinctive Jethro Tull sound.
"Rocket Man" (Elton John/Bernie Taupin) as performed by Elton John
While Elton John's hit song doesn't expressly refer to the Apollo missions, they surely played a role in inspiring Taupin's lyrics, though the direct inspiration is said to be another song by the same name written by Tom Rapp and performed by Pearls Before Swine, which in turn was inspired by a Ray Bradbury story. Nevertheless, the Apollo missions were still taking place at the time the song was released (Apollo 16 launched the month after the song came out, and Apollo 17, the last mission to the Moon, launched at the end of the same year), and while those were only going to the Moon, not to Mars, the closest living equivalents to the song's Rocket Man were the Apollo astronauts. However, unlike the astronaut in the song, they understood a lot of the science and mostly likely didn't think of their jobs as ordinary nine-to-five ones. Be that as it may, this ranks along with "Space Oddity" as one of the most successful songs about space travel.
"Alan Bean" (Darren Hayman) as performed by Hefner
Like several other songs in this list, this is a new discovery. A song about one of the Apollo astronauts who struck me as one of the most personally likable, and who became a talented painter, putting his art skills to use in conveying what it was like to walk on the Moon. I don't know what Alan Bean himself thought of the song, but I would imagine he liked it (the band apparently did get a chance to speak to him at one point, but I don't know what was said). The video in the link above consists of paintings by Al Bean accompanied by the song. An interesting bit of trivia: Tom Hanks, the actor who played Jim Lovell in the movie Apollo 13, wrote a short story titled "Alan Bean Plus Four" about a group of friends making a trip around the Moon in a spacecraft that the narrator had named Alan Bean, after the astronaut.
"Rocket Experience" (Lisa Cannon) as performed by Buzz Aldrin aka Doc Rendezvous
This is something I just came across, an entertaining rap song performed by Buzz Aldrin himself in 2009 not long before the 40th anniversary of the Moon landing, when Aldrin was 79. The track was produced by Snoop Dog with help from Quincy Jones (who also produced the recording of "Fly Me to the Moon" Aldrin played on the Moon), Talib Kweli, and Soulja Boy. Of course it includes plenty of lines about Aldrin's moon walking, as well as his promoting future space missions to Mars. The "Making of" video is also pretty entertaining.
"Michael Collins" as performed by The Boy Least Likely To
I only first heard this song the other day, but it is a pretty good one. Michael Collins himself would disagree with the characterization that he was lonely, as he's said many times that he wasn't (for that matter, John Young flew alone for a short time on Apollo 10, and the command module pilots on many of the later Apollo missions were alone in orbit considerably longer than Collins), but the worry that he might have to return to Earth alone if things went badly for Armstrong and Aldrin was one he said he had at the time. The song also talks about a sentiment Collins and other astronauts have expressed, how one gets an entirely new perspective on the Earth when you see it from a distance.
"Contact" (Bangalter/Homem-Christo/Queme/Braithwaite/Mitchell/Porter) as performed by Daft Punk
This track by the well-known French electronic music duo opens with a snippet of dialogue spoken by Gene Cernan, the last person to walk on the Moon, during the Apollo 17 mission. While that's it's only direct connection to the Apollo missions, the music itself is worth a listen, even for those who like me don't listen to much electronic music. It makes an interesting contrast to "Moonhead".
"Tracy's Song" as performed by No More Kings
This evocative song is also closely connected to Gene Cernan and his trip to the Moon on Apollo 17. Tracy was the name of Cernan's daughter, and at one point he traced her initials in the lunar dust. Though as with a number of the other songs written as if from the astronaut's perspective, it may not be a completely accurate reflection of Cernan's own feelings, the basic facts are accurate and the rest, accurate or not, creates a poignant mood. Incidentally, there was also a large rock on the Moon that was examined by Cernan and Harrison Schmidt which later was nicknamed "Tracy's Rock". One of the more commonly seen photos from the Moon, taken by Cernan, shows Schmidt and the lunar rover near the rock. It seems that fellow moonwalker Alan Bean told Cernan he was going to do a painting of it, and Cernan said if he'd known how popular the picture would be he'd have written his daughter's name on it. So Bean painted the scene as if he had done so, which has led some to believe inaccurately that Cernan actually wrote her name there, when it was apparently somewhere else. Also, unlike in the song or in Bean's painting, Cernan wrote her initials, not her full first name, and he apparently didn't think to take a picture of them. But, as he said in later interviews, they'll still be there for people to see when humans finally return to the Moon.
"Tranquility Base Hotel & Casino" (Alex Turner) as performed by Arctic Monkeys
Tranquility Base, of course, was what the Apollo 11 landing site was called. This song is the title track to the Arctic Monkey's 2018 album, and is sung from the perspective of a receptionist at the hotel and casino in question and is a satire on sterile modern life. The band's vocalist, Alex Turner, sounds quite a bit like David Bowie on this song and even more so on the other song from the album that I listened to, "Four Out of Five". The connection with the Moon landing is basically just in the title and the concept of a hotel and casino at Tranquility Base, something which of course should never be allowed to be built in reality - though it may be unavoidable if Moon tourism ever becomes a big thing, as Tranquility Base will certainly be one of the biggest attractions.
Of course a list of all the space-related songs out there could go on forever. I played a few on my recent show, like the Byrds' "Mr. Spaceman", Pink Floyd's "Astronomy Domine", Jimi Hendrix's "Up From the Skies", David Bowie's "Starman", Brian Eno's instrumental "Under Stars", Eric Idle of Monty Python's "Galaxy Song", Blur's "Far Out", Taiwanese rocker Wu Bai's "太空彈", Taiwanese aboriginal band Matzka's "089", Brian May's "New Horizons" and several more. But of course there are far more than can be fit into a two hour show, so there were great songs I had to leave out, including Hendrix's "Third Stone from the Sun", Pink Floyd's "Interstellar Overdrive" and "Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun", Bowie's "Life on Mars?", Genesis's "Watcher of the Skies", Stevie Wonder's "Saturn", the Police's "Walking on the Moon" and Muse's "Supermassive Black Hole" and "Exogenesis: Symphony", among others. One I just discovered deserves special mention here, as it has a little bit of a relationship to the Apollo missions, though somewhat more indirect than the songs listed above. The song is Rush's "Countdown", which is about the launch of the first orbital Space Shuttle flight, which took place in 1981 and was watched by the band in person. The track includes recordings of dialogue spoken by mission control and the two astronauts on the Space Shuttle, John Young and Robert Crippen. John Young, of course, was also an Apollo astronaut (and before that a Gemini astronaut) and flew to the Moon twice (one of only three people to do so), walking on it during Apollo 16 along with Charlie Duke. Since the Rush song is about the space shuttle, not Apollo, I didn't include it above, but it's a reminder of what an amazing career John Young had - the first person to fly six space missions (the current record is seven, held by two astronauts, with a number of others tied with Young at six), the longest career of any astronaut, and the only person to have piloted and commanded four different types of spacecraft (Gemini, the Apollo command module, the Apollo lunar module, and the Space Shuttle).
A final special mention goes to a song which has no connection to Apollo but is perhaps my favorite song about space travel. It's one I played on my show and heard live at Starmus, performed by its composer in a new arrangement, backed by an orchestra. I refer to the Queen song "'39", written by the band's guitarist Brian May, who also sang lead vocals on the studio version from the band's masterpiece A Night at the Opera (Queen's lead vocalist Freddie Mercury sang backing vocals on the studio version, though he sang lead when they did the song in concert). May studied astrophysics (he later finished his PhD, so he is now an actual astrophysicist), and so while the song might be mistaken for a tale about a sea voyage, a closer listen reveals that the "milky seas" in question are the Milky Way galaxy. What's more, the song is perhaps the only major rock song to hinge on Einstein's theory of relativity, specifically the time dilation that would occur if one were to travel at a speed close to the speed of light (probably not likely to ever happen in reality, but this is a science fiction story). The voyagers leave in the year '39 (the century is deliberately not revealed) and return a hundred years later, having only aged one year. It's very cleverly done, and the catchy melody is a match for the lyrics. It certainly should be ranked among the all time best space related songs, along with obvious ones like "Space Oddity". Brian May's performance of the song at the recent Starmus is worth checking out too.
Monday, December 31, 2018
A Brief Update
Saturday, March 31, 2018
Album Review - Led Zeppelin IV
Album Title: Led Zeppelin IV
Artist: Led Zeppelin
Release Date: November 8, 1971
Side One
Black Dog (Jones/Page/Plant)
Rock and Roll (Bonham/Jones/Page/Plant)
Battle of Evermore (Page/Plant)
Stairway to Heaven (Page/Plant)
Side Two
Misty Mountain Hop (Jones/Page/Plant)
Four Sticks (Page/Plant)
Going to California (Page/Plant)
When the Levee Breaks (Memphis Minnie[/Kansas Joe McCoy]/Bonham/Jones/Page/Plant)
All of Led Zeppelin's albums were huge in the 1970s, a decade that was the heyday of "album rock", in no small part because of Zeppelin themselves (granted, the band's first two albums were actually released at the tail end of the 1960s, but even those albums remained radio staples throughout the following decade) and continued to sell well for years afterward. However, their fourth album
has to be their most well-known, largely though not entirely because of the presence of "Stairway to Heaven", the song that consistently topped "best songs of all time" votes on classic rock radio for decades after its release. Whether it is actually their best album is of course highly subjective; I'd say a good case can be made for Houses of the Holy and Physical Graffiti (II and III are also very good, if not quite as varied, and I'm even quite fond of much of the somewhat inconsistent In Through the Out Door, but none of these can match the middle three albums - in my opinion, of course). But this album is certainly one of their best, and not just because of "Stairway". Several of the eight songs on the album are almost universally regarded as classics, and none of them are truly weak. I'd say that if this album falls short anywhere in comparison with its two successors, it's in terms of variety. Not that it lacks variety - songs like "Going to California" and "The Battle of Evermore" are quite different both from each other and from the stereotypical heavy rock song that many people associate with Zeppelin. But there is even greater variety on Houses of the Holy and Physical Graffiti, particularly the latter - though that is a somewhat unfair comparison, since Physical Graffiti, as a double album, has far more songs. The other two albums also each have a number of songs that rank among the band's best, though that is true of IV as well.
Note on album title: Technically, this album doesn't have an official title, since there isn't one on the cover. It is sometimes referred to using the four symbols that appear on the inner sleeve, each representing a band member, for example as Runes, Four Symbols, or Zoso (after Jimmy Page's symbol, the first of the four, which resembles those letters). It is also sometimes called simply Untitled. But since the band's first three albums were titled Led Zeppelin, Led Zeppelin II, and Led Zeppelin III, the title most commonly given to the fourth album is Led Zeppelin IV, a title often used by Page himself.
Note on links: There don't seem to be links to the studio versions of a few of these songs on You Tube (presumably either the record company or the band blocks any attempts to upload them), so some of the links are to live versions, which are often noticeably different from the studio versions.
Led Zeppelin IV Song by Song
Black Dog: The iconic opening track, famous for its call and response structure (which Peter Green had previously used to great effect in the Fleetwood Mac song "Oh Well") and the riff written by bassist John Paul Jones. Pretty much anyone who has listened to any amount of classic rock will recognize Robert Plant's opening line and then the thundering riff. Some of Plant's lyrics are (not
for the first time in the band's career) on the misogynistic side, but that aside the song is very much deserving of its classic status.
Rock and Roll: Another widely recognized classic, powered by some intense drumming by John Bonham. Plant's vocals are excellent, though his lyrics (paying tribute to the early rock & roll of the 1950s) are not always intelligible - again not unusual for the band. Rolling Stones pianist Ian Stewart also played on the track, his piano connecting the song more closely to the music it celebrates, though of course Zeppelin's version of "rock & roll" is kicked up a notch. Another high point on an album full of them.
Battle of Evermore: After two hard rocking tunes, the band wisely decided to slow things down with this song, the music for which Page wrote on Jones's mandolin. The mandolin alone makes the song unique in the band's catalogue, and Plant's Tolkienesque lyrics add to the medieval atmosphere. The song is a duet between Plant and folk singer Sandy Denny, another unique feature of the song, as it
is the only time the band featured a guest vocalist. While this song doesn't have quite the classic status of the two that precede it (or the one that comes after it), it is a solid album track and gives the album greater variety.
Stairway to Heaven: What hasn't already been said about this song? The features of it that appeal to me are the same that appeal to many others - its slow build up from gentle folk tune to powerhouse rock song, the musical variety encompassed in its eight minutes of playing time, the vague yet appealing poetry of the lyrics, and the impressive performance by the band. As it was for some many
others (to the point that the movie Wayne's World made a joke out of it), its opening was one of the first things I learned to play on the guitar (I got to the point where I could play the whole song, though not with any great facility and without any soloing, but now I just remember the beginning and a few bits here and there through the remainder of the song). It is still one of my favorite
Led Zeppelin songs, though nowadays I'd have to say I like "Kashmir", "Over the Hills and Far Away", "Houses of the Holy" and a few others about as much. As for the question that recently has been debated widely in the media and the courts, i.e., did Zeppelin and Page in particular rip off the tune "Taurus" by the band Spirit and its guitarist Randy California? I have to say that the jury probably made the right choice in denying the claim (though apparently the decision is being appealed). There is unquestionably a close resemblance between the opening bars of "Taurus" and "Stairway", and I have no doubt Page was, consciously or unconsiously, influenced by the Spirit track. But even the opening bit is not completely identical, and the progression is a rather obvious one that had been used many times before in the past, as was pointed out in Zeppelin's defense, meaning that while Page's "composition" wasn't entirely original, but then neither was Randy California's. As for the rest of the song, it is completely different. So this is not a case where Zeppelin should be forced to share credit, unlike "Dazed and Confused" or "Babe, I'm Gonna Leave You". The fact that the iconic opening is not as original as many fans thought does puncture somewhat the song's aura of near sacredness, but then no song, however good, deserves to be treated like it's a holy relic, and anyone who knows music history well knows that complete originality is virtually impossible, at least in any song that has mass appeal.
Misty Mountain Hop: While this song isn't played quite as often as some of the others on the album, I've always been quite fond of it, and its a contender for my favorite track on side two, though "Going to California" in particular is hard to beat. This one is a pretty straight forward rocker with a nice groove to it, and some fun, California hippy inspired lyrics by Plant.
Four Sticks: This is another solid track, and one I enjoy when I'm actually listening to it, but for some reason I've never found it quite as memorable as the rest of the album. Still, most heavy rock bands would no doubt be thrilled to have something as good in their catalogs.
Going to California: A folk ballad inspired by Joni Mitchell is pretty far from most people's idea of a typical Led Zeppelin song, but that's exactly what this is, and it's a great piece of work. Page demonstrates his acoustic guitar chops and Plant shows his versatility as a vocalist. This song is regarded by many as one of the band's best, and with good reason.
When the Levee Breaks: Another song generally regarded as a classic, with Bonham's crashing drums in particular inspiring a generation of drummers and ending up widely sampled in hip hop. I tend to prefer "Going to California" or even "Misty Mountain Hop" from this side of the album, but it's a pretty close call. Notably, this song harkens back to the band's first two albums in that it is a total rewrite of an old blues song, in this case one from the 1920s originally written and performed by the husband and wife team of Kansas Joe McCoy and Memphis Minnie. Zeppelin co-credited Memphis Minnie on their original release (unlike some other recordings where they failed to credit the original writers of the songs they redid, though in many cases probably through ignorance of the song's origins). But as with similar tracks on earlier albums, the band drastically transformed the song, making it into something quite different from the original song.
Wednesday, February 28, 2018
Old Taiwanese Pop Music Collection (Part 1)
making my own Taiwanese pop music compilations. In fact it was in part my attempts to put together compilations in approximate chronological order and featuring the original recorded versions of the songs that impelled me to begin doing my own research and start collecting the original records with the recordings I wanted. My first Taiwanese pop music compilation I did on cassette tape, but not long after I switched to CD. I did two compilations on CD, with the second being by far the lengthier and more comprehensive, though now I can't help but feel it is missing a lot. After all it's been something like 20 years since I put together, so even for the period it covers (approximately 1973 to 1995) I have since acquired a lot of music which would be worthy of inclusion in an updated compilation (and in at least one case, the song "美麗島" ("Formosa") on the first CD, I would now put on the earlier but never formally released recording by Yang Zujun and Hu Defu, which is vastly superior to the one by Yang Zujun alone). There are also some minor chronological issues, such as the placement of the song "Pitiful Luckless Man", which was actually released in 1981. Nevertheless, I thought it might be interesting to post some of it here. To start with, I'm just posting the tracklists for the first four CDs out of the 18 that make up the complete set. I'll post the others at some point in the future. I should note that while I have including the romanizations of the vocalists' names, I haven't included translations of all the song titles, as I haven't had the time to translate all of them.
第一集 Volume 1 (1973-1979)
1愛之旅Love's Travels 洪小喬Hong Xiaoqiao 3:18
2不要告別Don't Say Farewell 李金鈴Li Jinling 3:13
3我的歌My Song 洪小喬Hong Xiaoqiao 2:19
4雲河River of Clouds 黃鶯鶯Huang Yingying 3:11
5民歌手Folk Singer 楊弦Yang Xian (女聲Female Voice:徐可欣Xu Kexin) 3:51
6迴旋曲Rondo 楊弦Yang Xian 4:21
7歌Song 張艾嘉Zhang Aijia (男聲Male Voice:劉文正Liu Wenzheng) 2:55
8小雨打在我身上The Rain Falls on Me 劉文正Liu Wenzheng 3:42
9我是一片雲I Am a Cloud 鳳飛飛Feng Feifei 3:40
10好了歌Won Done Song 吳楚楚Wu Chuchu 2:43
11美麗島Formosa 楊祖珺Yang Zujun 2:54
12如果If 邰肇玫Tai Zhaomei&施碧梧Shi Biwu 2:41
13惜別Reluctant Parting 張艾嘉Zhang Aijia 3:21
14牛背上的小孩Child on Ox Back 胡德夫Hu Defu 2:47
15再別康橋Farewell Cambridge 范廣慧Fan Guanghui 3:18
16小雨中的回憶Memories in the Rain 劉宗立Liu Zongli、曾佩媛Zeng Peiyuan、陳淑惠Chen Shuhui 3:38
17姑娘的酒窩The Girl's Dimples 高凌風Gao Lingfeng 3:03
18閃亮的日子Brilliant Days 劉文正Liu Wenzheng 3:44
19橄欖樹Olive Tree 齊豫Qi Yu 3:46
20鄉間的小路Little Road in the Country 葉佳修Ye Jiaxiu 3:19
21歡顏Joyful Countenance 齊豫Qi Yu 3:49
22走在雨中Walking in the Rain 齊豫Qi Yu 3:46
第二集 Volume 2 (1979-1981)
1風兒輕輕吹The Wind Blows Gently 劉文正Liu Wenzheng 3:12
2廟會Temple Festival 王夢麟Wang Menglin 3:03
3雨中即景Scenes in the Rain 王夢麟Wang Menglin 3:09
4情奔 Rush of Passion 劉文正Liu Wenzheng 3:42
5恰似你的溫柔Like Your Tenderness 蔡琴Cai Qin 4:01
6曠野寄情Wilderness Abandonment 李建復Li Jianfu 3:31
7歸去來兮 李建復Li Jianfu 3:58
8出塞曲 蔡琴Cai Qin 2:57
9抉擇Decision 蔡琴Cai Qin 3:30
10也許Maybe 張艾嘉Zhang Aijia 4:01
11我們曾經年輕We Were Once Young 張艾嘉Zhang Aijia 2:01
12今山古道 黃大城Huang Dacheng 2:56
13偈 王海玲Wang Hailing 3:29
14童年Childhood 張艾嘉Zhang Aijia 3:41
15光陰的故事The Story of Time 張艾嘉Zhang Aijia 3:01
16月琴Yueqin 鄭怡Zheng Yi 3:57
17秋蟬Autumn Cicada 楊芳儀Yang Fangyi、徐曉菁Xu Xiaoqing 3:44
18拜訪春天Paying a Visit to Springtime 施孝榮Shi Xiaorong 3:15
19柴拉可汗Chaila Khan 李建復Li Jianfu 4:11
20變色的長城 費玉清Fei Yuqing 4:16
21一千個春天A Thousand Springs 蔡琴Cai Qin、李建復Li Jianfu 4:13
第三集 Volume 3 (1982-1983)
1鹿港小鎮Little Town of Lugang 羅大佑Luo Dayou 4:45
2戀曲1980Love Song 1980 羅大佑Luo Dayou 3:22
3就在今夜Tonight's the Night 丘丘合唱團Qiuqiu Band 3:08
4為何夢見他Why Do I Dream of Him 丘丘合唱團Qiuqiu Band 3:40
5之乎者也Pedantry 羅大佑Luo Dayou 4:06
6將進酒 羅大佑Luo Dayou 4:23
7天天天藍Blue Skies Every Day 潘越雲Pan Yueyun 3:37
8守著陽光守著你 潘越雲Pan Yueyun 4:50
9心事誰人知Who Understands My Heart 沈文程Shen Wencheng 3:28
10可憐的落魄人 Pitiful Luckless Man 陳明仁Chen Mingren 3:21
11散場電影 木吉他合唱團Wooden Guitars 3:56
12但願人長久 鄧麗君Deng Lijun 4:06
13思君 鄧麗君Deng Lijun 3:46
14心情 潘越雲Pan Yueyun 3:26
15野白合也有春天Spring Comes to the Wild Lily 潘越雲Pan Yueyun 3:16
16你是我所有的回憶You Are All I Recall 齊豫Qi Yu 5:12
17三月的風March Wind 齊豫Qi Yu 4:25
18小雨來得正是時候When The Rain Comes Is the Time 鄭怡Zheng Yi 3:20
19結束Ending 鄭怡Zheng Yi & 李宗盛Li Zongsheng 3:53
第四集 Volume 4 (1983-1984)
1一樣的月光The Same Moonlight 蘇芮Su Rui 5:46
2是否Is It True Or Not 蘇芮Su Rui 3:36
3告別Farewell 唐曉詩 & 李泰祥 5:31
4酒干倘賣無Any Old Bottles For Sale? 蘇芮Su Rui 4:39
5變Changes 蘇芮Su Rui 4:45
6亞細亞的孤兒The Orphan of Asia 羅大佑Luo Dayou 5:52
7現象七十二變72 Phenomena 羅大佑Luo Dayou 3:53
8愛的箴言Admonitions of Love 潘越雲Pan Yueyun 3:58
9未來的主人翁Masters of the Future 羅大佑Luo Dayou 7:32
10海洋之歌Song of the Ocean 陳淑樺Chen Shuhua 3:21
11無言的歌Song of No Words 潘越雲Pan Yueyun 4:45
12只有分離 黃鶯鶯Huang Yingying 5:12
13夢駝鈴 費玉清Fei Yuqing 3:39
14天使之戀Romance of the Angels 黃鶯鶯Huang Yingying 6:16
15搖滾舞台Rock Stage 薛岳Xue Yue 3:21

